{"id":29720,"date":"2026-02-01T13:48:41","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T13:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xj-ic.com\/?p=29720"},"modified":"2026-02-01T13:50:11","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T13:50:11","slug":"analysis-of-classic-switching-power-supply-optocoupler-circuit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/analysis-of-classic-switching-power-supply-optocoupler-circuit","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ea1ch quang c\u00e1ch ly trong ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9. Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang trong m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, bao g\u1ed3m nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

I. C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1eadt\/t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao, cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra mong mu\u1ed1n v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch (nh\u01b0 MOSFET), cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m, t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang (optocoupler), v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao.<\/p>\n

II. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t \u0111i-\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng (LED) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u: Khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua LED t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, LED ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

Truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang h\u1ecdc: T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong su\u1ed1t (nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc nh\u1ef1a), v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u: B\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang h\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra, cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an to\u00e0n khi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

III. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch quang c\u00e1ch ly trong ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, m\u1ea1ch quang c\u00e1ch ly th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch quang c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

1. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ch<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau:<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o: Cung c\u1ea5p d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cho LED c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang, th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng LED do qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

Optocoupler: Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ra: \u0110\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n PWM ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i: M\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ch quang c\u00e1ch ly, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00f2ng k\u00edn.<\/p>\n

2. Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch so s\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n LED c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra cao h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3m d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n LED, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1eddi gian d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a linh ki\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra. Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n LED t\u0103ng l\u00ean, t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a linh ki\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch duy tr\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

IV. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch quang \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch quang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

1. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n: C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn volt, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1ch ly an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 gi\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u: M\u1ea1ch quang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao: M\u1ea1ch quang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u1edbi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

2. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y suy gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n LED c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u00e3o h\u00f3a sau th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra y\u1ebfu \u0111i v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i: C\u00e1c l\u00f4 optocoupler kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

V. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch quang c\u00e1ch ly trong ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

1. B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ea1ch quang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

2. Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC-DC<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch quang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i DC-DC, gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e8n LED, s\u1ea1c pin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

3. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n

Trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ea1ch quang c\u00e1ch ly (optocoupler) \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1ch ly an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

4. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 cao v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch quang c\u00e1ch ly trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao l\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

VI. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u1ea1ch quang \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch optocoupler cho ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh sau c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t:<\/p>\n

1. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n

Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (CTR), t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

2. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i<\/p>\n

Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tham chi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, trong khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

3. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/p>\n

Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch, c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

4. Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 X\u00e1c minh<\/p>\n

Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ea1ch optocoupler ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

VII. H\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch optocoupler cho ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

1. B\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao<\/p>\n

Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

2. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

3. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p quang, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n

4. \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh, c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n trong c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

VIII. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang (optocouplers) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly quang trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29723,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29720"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29720\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29723"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xj-ic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}